Universal Scaling and Echoing in Gravitational Collapse of a Complex Scalar Field

Eric W. Hirschmann
(ehirsch@dolphin.physics.ucsb.edu)

Douglas M. Eardley
(doug@itp.ucsb.edu)

Comments: 18 pages of latex/revtex; 5 figures, available uuencoded in gr-qc archive, or by anonymous ftp to ftp.itp.ucsb.edu as file /figures/nsf-itp-94-119.ps

Report-no: NSF-ITP-94-119, gr-qc/9412066, Physical Review D51, 4198 (1995)

This paper studies gravitational collapse of a complex scalar field at the threshold for black hole formation, assuming that the collapse is spherically symmetric and continuously self-similar. A new solution of the coupled Einstein-scalar field equations is derived, after a small amount of numerical work with ordinary differential equations. The universal scaling and echoing behavior discovered by Choptuik in spherically symmetrical gravitational collapse appear in a somewhat different form. Properties of the endstate of the collapse are derived: The collapse leaves behind an irregular outgoing pulse of scalar radiation, with approximately flat spacetime within it.